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Nixon,
Richard Milhous (1913–96), 37th
president of USA (1969-74). Vice-president of USA (1953-61). He has
visited tens countries as vice-president of USA, including the USSR (1959)
where opened the American exhibition in Moscow park "Sokolniki".
During opening an exhibition "kitchen debate" from N.S.
Khrushchev were held known. Visits of Nixon widely advertised in the
American seal on the Moscow markets and conversations with Muscovites were
understudied of the Soviet press as receptions of political advertising
before presidential elections 1960. At these elections has suffered defeat,
having conceded victory J. Kennedy. It is elected the president of USA in
1968. In conditions of internal sociopolitical crisis and easing of world
positions of USA has headed for preservation of the status quo in the
world by normalization of relationship with Soviet Union and Chinese
People's Republic. In the decision of this task had big freedom of hands
inside the country due to the steady reputation of the anticommunist. In
November 1969 has signed the multilateral Nonproliferation treaty of the
nuclear weapon. In 1972-74 three meetings at the summit between Nixon and
L.I. Brezhnev begun the period so-called reduction of international tension
(detente) were held. During these meetings a plenty of bilateral agreements, including the document "Bases of mutual relation between USA and the USSR", the Contract between the USSR and USA about restriction of systems of antimissile defense, the temporal Agreement between the USSR and USA about some measures was signed in the field of restriction of strategic offensive arms, the Contract between the USSR and USA about restriction of underground tests of the nuclear weapon and the Report to it, the Long-term agreement between the USSR and USA about assistance to economic, industrial and technical cooperation, the Agreement between the USSR and USA about cooperation in the field of housing and other kinds of construction, the Agreement between the USSR and USA about cooperation in the field of scientific researches and development of artificial heart, the Agreement between the USSR and USA about cooperation in the field of power, the Agreement between the USSR and USA about prevention of nuclear war, Agreements between the governments of the USSR and USA about cooperation in the field of a medical science and public health services, about prevention of incidents in the high sea and in air space above it, about cooperation in the field of a science and engineering, protection of an environment and development of a space. Fixed in the document "Main principles of negotiations about the further restriction of strategic offensive arms" the arrangement that both parties will undertake all efforts to that by the end 1974 the Agreement on more full measures on restriction of strategic offensive arms was signed also was achieved. Among other signed bilateral documents were the Agreement between the government of the USSR and the government of USA about cooperation in the field of research of World ocean, the Agreement between the USSR and USA about scientific and technical cooperation in the field of peace use of an atomic energy, the Agreement between the government of the USSR and the government of USA about cooperation in the field of transport etc. Nixon became the first President of USA, compelled to submit to resignation under threat of impeachment in result of Watergate scandal. In 80-90th carried out functions of the emissary of the White house under special assignments, he putting visits to the various countries of the world and meeting with their heads; repeatedly came to Moscow and met heads of the USSR and Russia. Last arrival Russia has carried out shortly before death. The author of books: Six Crises (1962); RN: Memoirs of Richard Nixon (1978); The Real War (1980); Leaders (1982) etc. |
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